Thursday 15 May 2014

Sharing Something Good For Daily Life


The Fundamentals of Good Nutrition


1.   Single Food Alone Can Meet Your               Child's Entire Nutritional Needs

      Your child's body has multiple needs and requires a host of nutrients. the types and amounts of nutrients differ from food to food, so, they need variety in their diet.

2.   Your Child's Nutritional Needs Change       As They Grow

      As your child grow, they will need to consume more food than before. they are growing taller and bigger and that's why they are eating more. the types and amounts of nutrients they need also increase. It's therefore important that their food intake is regular and in the correct amount. 






3.   Your Child Needs Balance 

      Your child's diet should comprise a balanced mix of complex-carbohydrate foods, fruits and vegetables, protein-rich foods and milk and dairy products. Keep salts, fats and sugar to a minimum. this will keep your child healthy now and throughout their life.

4.   Feed Your Child In Moderation

      Too little or too much nutrition can cause health problems. A simple, healthy approach is to teach your child to eat in moderation from young. as their nutritional increase, their food intake will also go up, so it's important that they develops healthy eating habits like having regular meals, not skipping meals and not overeating.  

5.   Keep Tabs On Your Child's Growth And Nutrition

      Your child's dietary requirements will be increasingly met outside, and not only at home. It is therefore important to monitor what they are eating on a regular basis. You will know if their nutrient intake is appropriate by monitoring her growth in terms of height and weight from time to time. 


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Essential Energy


Every cell in our body actually needs energy to function well, so, foods with carbohydrates are the source of energy preferred by the body. The body will breaks down the carbohydrates to glucose, which is then uses to fuel all bodily functions and provide the body with energy. 

GLUCOSE ---- The only type of energy used by the brain

Charge Up Your Child With These Energy-Rich Foods!


Rice : The staple part of the diet. there are lots of vitamins and minerals in the outer layer of this grain, which is removed when rice is polished. So don't just settle for white or polished rice. Feed your child nutritious brown rice instead!




Bread : Bread is not only great for breakfast, but it's also excellent for lunch or as a healthy snack.







Biscuits : Teach your child to like plain, high-fibre biscuits. 






Tubers : Potatoes and sweet potatoes are a good alternative to rice. Potato chips and French fries, however, should only be provided as an occasional treat. 






Breakfast Cereals : Most breakfast cereals are enriched with vitamins and minerals. If your child's favourite cereal has too much sugar,mix it with an unsweetened variety. Plain cereals can be jazzed up with fruits for added flavour. 






Pasta/Noodles : To give a pasta or noodles a boost, add fish, egg, meat or generous helpings of veggies so your child enjoys a nutritious, all-in-one meal.





FACT! The body needs fibre, an indigestible carbohydrate, to keep digestive systems functioning healthily. Adequate fibre helps promote regular bowel movement and prevent constipation as well as many other common digestive problems. Whole-meal or unprocessed carbohydrate-rich foods provide healthful fibre. It is recommended that you give your child a mix of unpolished rice and polished rice, whole-meal and white bread and whole grain with ordinary breakfast cereals. It's also a good idea to let them eat potatoes and sweet potatoes that have the skin intact.



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Colourful Goodness


Vitamins, minerals, fibre and healthful substances called as phytochemicals are come from fruits and vegetables. Phytochemicals are comprises carotenoids, flavonoids and phenolic acids. Many phytochemicals are antioxidants, which are believed to fight certain diseases. These phytochemicals are also give different fruits and veggies different colours. 


Colour Your Child's Health With These Fruits and Veggies!


Yellow/Orange : Fruits and veggies of these colours  are packed with carotenoids. Juice or mash them to strengthen your body against infections and give bright eyes. 












Green : Do not be fooled by green fruits and veggies! They also contain carotenoids, but the presence of these phytochemicals is marked by chlorophyll, a green-coloured pigment. 





Blue/Purple : Loaded with anthocyanins and phenolics. Intake of blue/purple fruits and veggies will give a healthy skin for life!









Red : Rich in lycopene, which gives a healthy hearth and body.

















White : No fruit and veggie colour palette is complete without the colour white. White fruits and veggies contain a multitude of vitamins, minerals and other phytochemicals that are important for health. 














Wednesday 14 May 2014

Health Problems


OBESITY....


What does obesity mean?

Obesity is an excess proportion of total body fat or also called as total body composition.

Body composition includes lean body mass(muscle mass),fat, water and bone

 We always become alert with our body weight or body shape when we feel uncomfortable with the body, correct? Learning how to calculate our own BMI  is a good knowledge so that we can be more alert to control the weight and to maintain the weight nicely.

Body mass index(BMI)=Body weight (Kg) /  height X height  (m)

 A person is considered obese when his or her weight is 20% or more above normal weight.
The most common measure of obesity is the body mass index, or BMI. A person is considered 
overweight if his or her BMI is between 25 and 29; a person is considered obese if his or her BMI is 
over 30.

You can get the range of BMI that stated by WHO from this link:-
Also get the your own calculator here:- 

TYPE OF OBESITY


What we can describe by the word of TYPE here is something that can be differentiated one another. Different people they have different body type, so means, its similar to different people can become obese also in different ways. There have three types of OBESITY:-
  • Simple obesity (alimentary obesity) – when a person consumes more calorie or energy that needed by the body, approximately 95% of obesity cases.
  • Secondary obesity - results come from person who has medical/health problems such as Cushing’s syndrome, polycystic ovary syndrome, and insulin tumors. Other conditions can also cause secondary obesity.
  • Childhood obesity – when children and adolescents are above the normal body weight for their height and age. Obesity can affect a child’s normal growth and development.

CAUSES OF OBESITY


   Lack of physical Activity


The overall energy imbalance i.e,more energy intake from food than energy output 
through physical activity and basal metabolic needs is the primary cause for excess 
weight. Excessive intake is stored in the body as fat.
 3500cal=1lb (0.45kg)of body fat.
A minor daily imbalance in which energy intake  exceeds output by a mere 100cal can 
result in significant weight gain in 1yr as follows:
100cal/d x 365 days/yr=36,500 extra kcal/yr 
36,500kcal/3500kcal/lb=10.4lb/yr (4.7kg)

   Hormonal Control


(i) Leptin –stored in adipose tissue determines a person’s set point of fat storage.
    Plasma leptin rise after weight gain and drops in weight loss.
    Newly discovered leptin is being produced in the brain. Some individuals have been    found to have early onset obesity and lack the leptin receptor, thus receiving no   negative feedback regarding energy intake.


(ii) Ghrelin.
The counterpart to leptin is the enteric peptide ghrelin. 
Ghrelin is an appetite stimulant secreted from the stomach to activate the 
appetite-regulating network.


When administered peripherally, ghrelin increases appetite and promotes adiposity.

Unhealthy diet and eating habits



Having a diet that is high in calories, eating fast food, skipping breakfast, eating most of your calories at night, drinking high-calorie beverages and eating oversized portions all contribute to weight gain.

Lack of sleep


Getting less than seven hours of sleep a night can cause changes in hormones that increase your appetite.
You may also crave foods high in calories and carbohydrates, which can contribute to weight gain.







Physiological factors


The amount of body fat a person carries is related to the number and size of fat cells in the body.
Critical period for becoming obese occurs during early growth periods when cells are multiplying rapidly in childhood and adolescence.
Once the body has added extra fat cells for more fuel storage ,these cells remain and can store varying amount of fat.
Middle age and older adults store more fat because of decreased BMR, physical activity and lean body mass.Women also store more fat during pregnancy and after menopause in response to hormonal changes.

Psychological factors


Work,Family,and social environmental may cultivate emotional stress, which many persons respond by eating for comfort.



Social pressures specially on women to maintain “thin "body contribute to the strain of constant dieting which in turn can perpetuate chronic dieters dilemma of yo-yo dieting and cause reduction in metabolic rate and lean body mass.





Certain medications


Some medications can lead to weight gain if you don't compensate through diet or activity. These medications include some antidepressants, anti-seizure medications, diabetes medications, antipsychotic medications, steroids and beta blockers.


Medical problems


Obesity can sometimes be traced to a medical cause, such as Prader-Willi syndrome, Cushing's syndrome, polycystic ovary syndrome, and other diseases and conditions. Some medical problems, such as arthritis, can lead to decreased activity, which may result in weight gain. A low metabolism is unlikely to cause obesity, as is having low thyroid function.

Other Environmental factors


-Increase in availability of food
-Fast and convenient foods
-Increase in portion sizes
-Decrease in food preparation time and skills
-Decrease in physical activity
-Increase in screen time
-Decrease physical requirement in house hold activity

                     

Maintain your body weight by following the concept of ENERGY BALANACE

When you're obese, your overall quality of life may be lower, too. You may not be able to do things you'd normally enjoy as easily as you'd like. You may have trouble participating in family activities. You may avoid public places. You may even encounter discrimination.